Purpose: The purpose of this research was to compare the sense of belonging to the SCHOOL, the perception of the SCHOOL atmosphere and the academic vitality of elementary SCHOOL boys in non-profit and normal SCHOOLs in Qain city. Method: The method of this research was descriptive and comparative. The statistical population of this research included all elementary STUDENTS of non-profit and normal SCHOOLs in Qain city in the academic year of 2023-2024. From among the statistical population, 114 STUDENTS (57 regular STUDENTS and 57 male STUDENTS from non-profit SCHOOLs) were selected as the research sample using available sampling method. In order to collect research data, Barry, Betty and Watt (2004) SCHOOL Belonging Questionnaire, Reddy and Rhodes (2007) Perception of SCHOOL Atmosphere Questionnaire and Martin and Marsh (2008) Academic Vitality Questionnaire were used. In order to analyze the research data, multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) was used. Findings: The results of the research data analysis showed that there is a significant difference between the variables of feeling of belonging to SCHOOL, perception of SCHOOL atmosphere and academic vitality in non-profit and normal SCHOOL STUDENTS (p<0.005). In other words, the sense of belonging to the SCHOOL, the perception of the SCHOOL atmosphere, and the academic vitality of non-profit STUDENTS are more than the STUDENTS of normal SCHOOLs.Conclusion:The results of this research showed that the scores of normal STUDENTS in the studied variables are lower than those of non-profit STUDENTS, so normal SCHOOLs should provide training to strengthen academic variables

Coronvirus desies and its consequences have caused concern among various segments of society. In particular, the change in teaching methods from online to face-to-face training and the damage caused by this process in some cases has made this educational process difficult. Thus, identifying STUDENTS' concerns and understanding the predictions of anxiety in the reopening of educational institutions will allow us to address the roots of this factor after the Corona epidemic and the reopening of SCHOOLs.. This research is a qualitative research and content analysis and its statistical population is high SCHOOL STUDENTS in Tehran at the time of reopening of SCHOOLs after the Corona epidemic. From this statistical population, 40 male and female subjects who met the research criteria were selected. After interviewing the subjects and analyzing them, sub-themes and main themes have been identified and classified.

The purpose of the present study was to investigate the effect of generative learning teaching based to pattern cognitive Load on the memorization math of 7th GRADE STUDENTS of in the academic year of 2021- 2022. The research method is quasi-experimental with pre-test and post-test with four groups: two control group and two experimental groups. The statistical population of the study consisted of all 7th GRADE male and female STUDENTS of District 2 of Mashhad city that 112 person sample was selected by single stage cluster sampling method. The subjects in the experimental group involved in generative learning based to cognitive Load in 16 sessions and the control group did not receive any interventions. The research instrument consisted of a 20-questions researcher-made test. To analyze the obtained data, Multivariate analysis of covariance and SPSS version 24 software were used. The results showed that generative learning teaching based to approach cognitive Load have a positive and significant effect on 7th GRADE STUDENTS' memorization math. Based on the findings, it can be concluded that one of the effective training on math memorization STUDENTS is the use of generative learning on the based load cognitive pattern.

The purpose of this research was to design a model to measure the general competencies of elementary SCHOOL STUDENTS with regard to regard to all domains education and to examine these competencies in elementary SCHOOL STUDENTS from the perspective of SCHOOL principals and assistants. The present one is of the type of exploratory mixed research projects, and the researchers conducted have been collected using two qualitative methods (comparative analysis and interviews with experts) and quantitative methods (researcher's questionnaire based on the research model). In the qualitative part, at FIRST, using comparative content analysis with Meiring's method and based on the fundamental reform doc ument of Education and other high-level documents, 5 main were extracted and the text of the interview based on these elements and considering all domains education was provided to 8 PRIMARY education experts who were selected by purposeful and snowball sampling. The results of semi-structured interviews showed that the general competencies of PRIMARY SCHOOL STUDENTS had 8 common themes and 182 sub-themes. In the quantitative part, a researcher-made questionnaire was created based on the research model, and after validating it, it was given to 70 vice-principals and managers (out of 205 people) of SCHOOLs in Bukan city in the academic year of 1402-1401, who were selected by multi-stage cluster sampling method, it placed. Finally, the results of Friedman's test showed that the performance of STUDENTS in spiritual and intrapersonal-ethical competencies is favorable, in learning competencies is weak and in psychological-physical and cultural-social competencies is very unfavorable.

Objective: The present study was conducted with the aim of effective SCHOOL-based self-control skill training on increasing psychological hardiness and self-efficacy of male STUDENTS of the FIRST secondary level.Method: This research is a semi-experimental study with a pre-test-post-test design with a control group. The statistical population of the present study included male STUDENTS of the FIRST secondary SCHOOL in Qom city, 30 STUDENTS were selected using the available sampling method and divided into two groups of 15 people completely randomly. STUDENTS in the experimental group participated in 8 sessions of the SCHOOL-based self-control training program, and the control group did not receive training. Before and after the implementation of the intervention, both groups were evaluated using the psychological hardiness scale of Lang and Goulet (2003) and the self-efficacy scale of children and adolescents (SEQ-C). The data was analyzed using spss-22 software and through repeated measures analysis of variance test.Findings: The results showed that SCHOOL-based self-control skill training has a significant effect on increasing STUDENTS' psychological hardiness and self-efficacy (P<0.01). Conclusion: The findings of the present study indicated that SCHOOL-based self-control skill training can be an effective intervention in increasing psychological hardiness and self-efficacy in STUDENTS.

Background: The incidence of hearing loss in pediatric population is estimated to be 2-5%. Most of the causes for conductive hearing loss can be easily diagnosed and treated. Hence, majority of hearing loss cases can be prevented by taking appropriate measures. This study was performed to examine the incidence and common causes of hearing loss among SCHOOL children in Tehran. Methods: This cross-sectional descriptive study was performed on 1000 PRIMARY SCHOOL boys and girls (GRADE 1) in Tehran. Simple random sampling from those SCHOOLs that were selected as population clusters was used. Hearing loss was defined as lack of voice perception with different frequencies of 500, 1000, 2000, and 4000 Hz and intensity of 25 dB in pure tone audiometry. Results: In this study, 433 cases had hearing disorder and were referred to the audiometric and tympanometric centers for further examinations. Eventually, 37 (3.7%) STUDENTS were proven to suffer from hearing loss. There was a statistically significant association between hearing loss and previous history of neonatal jaundice, infamily marriage of parents, and congenital anomalies (P < 0.05). Conclusion: in the light of the rather high prevalence (3.7%) of hearing loss and the easily treatable nature of the most common causes, more extensive and interventional studies seem necessary to include hearing assessment among the routine screening programs in the nation.

Fostering critical thinking among senior high SCHOOL STUDENTS in Colombia has been an unfulfilled goal. This undesirable situation has multiple causes: “critical thinking” has become a mere slogan and its meaning and scope have not been clearly specified despite being widely used in the different levels of the education system. Furthermore, the strategies designed to teach critical thinking lack creativity, reinforce rote learning and the sheer repetition of logic rules besides misallocating the goal of reasoning and argumentation by focusing only on rhetorical persuasion. Textbooks and core literature in critical thinking suggest that a critical thinker is someone who always has plenty of arguments to defend her beliefs besides being ready to address even destructive criticism. By contrast, critical rationalism emphasizes the importance of a humble approach, acknowledges error, and portrays a critical thinker as someone who is ready to test her most beloved theories against experience and to reject them in the light of the facts that contradict her beliefs and certainties. We consider that a pedagogical approach enriched with fallibilism might be central for a better education and endorse these views with the results of a case study conducted in Manizales, Colombia, which shows that teaching the basics of logic and argumentation by using the central tenets of critical rationalism fosters critical thinking among senior high SCHOOL STUDENTS

The purpose of this research is to determine the relationship between moral intelligence and academic self-efficacy with the mediation of academic engagement of STUDENTS in Mahabad city. The method of descriptive-survey research was of the correlation type and the statistical population was all 2831 secondary SCHOOL female STUDENTS of Mahabad city, of which 338 were selected by cluster sampling using Morgan's table. Data collection tools were standardized questionnaires of moral intelligence of Lenik and Hill (2005), academic self-efficacy of Jinks and Morgan (1999) and academic engagement of Fridix et al. (2006). The results of hypothesis testing were analyzed by spss and pls software and using correlation tests and structural equation modeling. The results showed that moral intelligence has a positive and significant relationship on academic self-efficacy with the mediation of academic conflict (0.31). Also, the results indicated that there is a positive and significant relationship between moral intelligence and academic self-efficacy components (0.52). The relationship between moral intelligence and academic engagement components was positive and significant (0.76) and finally, academic engagement has a positive and significant relationship with academic self-efficacy (0.41). Therefore, by increasing moral intelligence and consequently increasing academic engagement, it is possible to provide the basis for increasing academic self-efficacy in secondary SCHOOL female STUDENTS of Mahabad city.

Background & Aims: Children's health and their education is an important society issue that has an important and basic role in both the society and economical improvement. So this study was done to show the role of pre PRIMARY SCHOOL to the awareness of the FIRST GRADE STUDENTS of Tehran 4th district to hygienic.Materials & Methods: In this case-control study a questionnaire survey was carried out among 152 PRIMARY SCHOOL STUDENTS that were chosen by stratified random sampling. The Questionnaire was included demographic specification & 54 questions about nourishment, prevention of accident and personal health. Data collected through interviews were evaluated using percentages, Chi-square, t-test and ANOVA.Results: The result showed that there is a significant relationship between the hygienic awareness of the trained and untrained boys of nourishment (p=0.003), and personal sanitation (p=0.03), and also the hygienic awareness of the trained and untrained girls of nourishment (p=0.005). There was a significant relationship between mothers' literacy (p<0.000), fathers' literacy (p=0.02) to children hygienic awareness, the group variable to the hygienic awareness of nutrition (p< 0.000), prevention of accidents (p=0.04) and personal sanitation (p=0.03) was significant too. The results didn’t show any significant difference between the variable.Conclusion: According to the results, teaching the STUDENTS has an effective influence on the hygienic awareness. As the formation of the hygienic behavior is a multi dimension issue and can be affected by some different factors besides the presence or lack of presence of pre PRIMARY SCHOOL training. Investigating these factors from all aspects can provide more clear standards to plan more effective training curriculum for children and the society hygienic nurses at SCHOOLs are the most suitable people for children to use the sources the best in order to improve the children's hygienic knowledge and function.